品牌老化的原因探秘——目标人群认知错位

Exploring the Causes of Brand Aging – Target Audience Cognitive Misalignment Click to read English version

导语: 品牌老化是许多企业面临的共同挑战。本文深入探讨品牌老化的根本原因,特别是目标人群认知错位问题,为企业提供品牌年轻化的解决方案。

周末带着妻儿去探望姨妈,姨妈虽年近六十,但皮肤白里透粉,神采奕奕。聊天的时候妻子便和姨妈讨教养颜的秘诀,姨妈说除了平时注意饮食均衡和适量的运动,最大的秘诀就是那20年来一直都在用的玉兰油……
回家的路上,我问妻:“玉兰油真的这么神奇吗?”妻笑而不语。

的确,对于姨妈这年纪的人来说,在二十多年前花几十块钱买一瓶玉兰油真的是很奢侈了。可是搁在现在,即使是国产品牌,随随便便的一瓶面霜、乳液都要几十元甚至上百元,玉兰油已经不再那么奢侈。

对于很多大众消费品而言,在产品价格增速多年来低于消费者购买力增长的情况下,理应能够获得更多消费者的认可,其市场占有率和总体销售额应该是一个稳步提升的状态。但是我上网查看玉兰油品牌下的产品近两年的销售数据,却发现其销售额并非想象的那么乐观,问题的背后一定另有原因。

造成玉兰油品牌下的产品面临衰退的重要原因就是:品牌的老化。

品牌老化最为显著的特征就是主流消费人群的老龄化。当一个品牌下主流消费人群的平均年龄随着时间的推移而持续增长的时候,说明这个品牌已经渐渐的不再被年轻人所关注了,那么就说明品牌正在进入逐步老化的阶段。若是如此,再悠久的品牌,再经典的产品也终将陷入衰退。

历经多年的耕耘,玉兰油品牌的目标消费人群已经被牢牢的钉在三、四十岁的女性消费者。随着人们消费能力的持续提升,购买力不足已经不再是什么大问题了,但是年轻的女孩子却不愿在为玉兰油这样的好产品买单,是因为女孩子们都希望用一款与她们年龄相符的产品。因此即使玉兰油的产品再好,年轻的姑娘们也不愿意去和“中年女性”分享同样的护肤品。

王佳伟认为:随着企业持续的耕耘,品牌与主要消费人群的融合将是必然趋势,越是经典的品牌就越容易被深深的镶嵌在这一年龄段人群的生命中。如果此刻企业不介入进去及时的干预,任由品牌随着她们一同老去,久而久之,品牌的老化的种种表现就会显露无遗……

这20年来玉兰油的品牌代言人也在不断更替,从张曼玉、袁咏仪到林志玲、章子怡再到王珞丹……从品牌代言人的变化,我们就能感受到宝洁公司对玉兰油品牌的管理思路:就是尽可能的为玉兰油品牌注入年轻的元素,以便更多的获得年轻消费群体的关注。而宝洁公司针对玉兰油的所有品牌和产品策略也都是围绕于此。尽管宝洁公司一直在努力实现玉兰油品牌的年轻化,然而其品牌年轻化的道路却并非那么一份风顺。原因为何?

那就是“目标人群认知错位”这一加速品牌老化的重要因素一直没有得到很好的解决。

“目标人群认知错位”,就是消费者和企业,两者在对于主流消费人群年龄定位的理解上存在着错位。消费者混淆了“年龄段”和“出生年代”的概念。

对于玉兰油品牌而言,在企业看来主流消费人群的年龄段是三、四十岁,但是消费者对主流消费人群的理解却是出生于1960-1970甚至更早的年代,并且这种对于主流消费人群“年龄段”和“出生年代”认知错位在这近二十年的品牌传播中被夯的越来越实,偏差也就越来越大。

试想在追求创新和个性化的社会中,除了少数的奢侈品和高端产品能够得以幸免,还有哪个90后的年轻人愿意与60后、70后的前辈分享同样的产品?哪个女孩子愿意自己被人贴上“中年人”的标签。女孩子用玉兰油作为日常护肤品原本挺好的,产品品质优良,价格亲民。但年轻的消费者对于主流消费人群的认知上却出现了一个不易察觉的“错位”。就是这一小小的偏差让一个经典品牌在中国市场正在经历着老化和衰退。

很多经典的品牌历经多年的发展,已经广为消费者所接纳,这些经典品牌在消费者中拥有很高的品牌认知度和忠诚度。即使是在这样的情形下,品牌的老化也在所难免,为经典品牌注入年轻化的元素成了每个品牌经理都不得不去思考的问题。在着手启动常规的品牌年轻化程序时,也请审视一下是否你的品牌也存在着“目标人群认知错位”。

English Version

Exploring the Causes of Brand Aging – Target Audience Cognitive Misalignment

Introduction: Brand aging is a common challenge faced by many enterprises. This article delves into the root causes of brand aging, particularly the issue of target audience cognitive misalignment, providing solutions for brand rejuvenation.

1. Understanding Brand Aging

Brand aging refers to the phenomenon where a brand gradually loses its appeal and market competitiveness over time. This is often manifested in declining sales, shrinking market share, and weakening brand influence.

2. Key Causes of Brand Aging

2.1 Target Audience Cognitive Misalignment: The most common cause is when a brand fails to keep up with changes in its target audience’s preferences, values, and lifestyles. What appealed to consumers a decade ago may no longer resonate with today’s audience.

2.2 Lack of Innovation: Brands that rest on past successes without continuous product, service, or marketing innovation inevitably face aging.

2.3 Changing Market Environment: Technological advancements, social trends, and competitive landscapes evolve rapidly. Brands that don’t adapt accordingly become outdated.

3. Case Studies of Brand Rejuvenation

3.1 Coca-Cola: Continuously innovates with new flavors, packaging, and marketing campaigns while maintaining its core brand identity.

3.2 Levi’s: Successfully transitioned from workwear to fashion brand by understanding and adapting to youth culture.

3.3 Burberry: Transformed from a traditional British brand to a global luxury fashion house through digital innovation and celebrity endorsements.

4. Strategies for Brand Rejuvenation

4.1 Reconnect with Target Audience: Conduct thorough market research to understand current consumer preferences and values.

4.2 Product Innovation: Develop new products or improve existing ones to meet evolving consumer needs.

4.3 Marketing Innovation: Utilize new media platforms and creative marketing approaches to engage younger audiences.

4.4 Brand Storytelling: Update brand narratives to reflect contemporary values while maintaining core brand essence.

5. The Role of Design in Brand Rejuvenation

Professional brand design plays a crucial role in combating brand aging:

  • Visual Identity Update: Modernizing logos, color schemes, and typography
  • Packaging Redesign: Creating packaging that appeals to current aesthetic preferences
  • Digital Experience: Designing user-friendly websites and mobile applications
  • Brand Consistency: Ensuring all touchpoints reflect the updated brand image

6. Conclusion

Brand aging is not inevitable. Through proactive strategies including understanding target audience cognitive shifts, continuous innovation, and professional design updates, brands can maintain relevance and vitality across generations. The key is balancing preservation of core brand values with adaptation to changing market dynamics.

Key Takeaway: Regular brand health checks and timely rejuvenation strategies are essential for long-term brand success in today’s rapidly evolving marketplace.